Re-use of treated wastewater in residential areas (India)

This research explores the potential of reusing and recycling treated wastewater in the Residential sector (Low-income and high-income housing societies) in Hubli-Dharwad city. Primary and secondary literature reviews, surveying various stakeholders (service providers, implementing agencies, and end users), data collection from desk research, and field surveys were considered to analyse the gaps concerning their social acceptance, financial viability, and technical feasibility. Contrary to what was assumed earlier, the reuse and recycling of wastewater not only solely depend on social acceptance but also the quality of TWW, technology feasibility, and cost-effectiveness. The research findings indicate that the rise in public awareness, stakeholder engagement, technology upgradation, and exploration of various opportunities for the reuse and recycling of TWW in the residential sector would reduce the strain on existing water supply systems and in turn, augment surface and groundwater resources.