Occupational health hazards at a co-treatment plant in Kampala (Uganda)

This study focused on assessing occupational health and safety hazards and their mitigation measures at the Lubigi co-treatment plant in Kampala which deals with combined wastewater and faecal sludge treatment. The study employed a combination of data collection methods, including document reviews, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, structured observation, and Photovoice. Thematic analysis was used to code qualitative data. The findings revealed several hazards associated with different stages of faecal sludge treatment at the plant such as faecal sludge overflows, spillage, heavy loads, sharp objects, falling debris, non-functional fans, slippery surfaces, and breeding of vectors like mosquitoes and snakes. Workers across various roles, including operational workers, managers, and truck drivers, were exposed to these hazards. Mitigation measures varied across different treatment stages and exposure groups. Enablers for implementing these measures included safety training, the provision of quality personal protective equipment, safety guidelines, and regulatory frameworks. Motivation for adherence to safety measures stemmed from knowledge, attitudes toward hazards, and individual beliefs. Barriers to mitigation included worker attitudes and limited financial resources for necessary safety measures. The study emphasizes the importance of adherence to faecal sludge and wastewater treatment guidelines and regulations by employers, workers, and regulatory bodies to minimize occupational hazards in such facilities.