Improving sanitation management in slums by a visual improvement program (Indonesia)

High-rate population growth in slums is a major problem in Indonesia. So far limited funding is still a main bottleneck in alleviating the problem of slums. The concept of visual improvement is a program proposed to be a central pillar in fostering community participation in managing the surrounding environment. This study aims to identify the success of the visual improvement program of slum areas in two slums with different settlement typologies, namely Bekelir Rainbow Village, Tangerang – a slum settlement in the lowlands, and Code Rainbow Village, Yogyakarta located in the banks of a river. The success of the visual improvement program of slum areas is identified by the factors that underlie the behavior of sanitation management and its relationship with the Theory of Planned Behavior. After identifying the success of the program, the identification of the sustainability factors for sanitation management was carried out which was formulated by collecting data on the sustainability variables of sanitation management, and then formulated using the Structural Equation Modeling Method to further plan strategies for optimizing sanitation management to support sustainability of sanitation management as the basis for the visual improvement program of slums.