Container-based sanitation for peri-urban areas (Kenya)

This study evaluated the performance efficiency of Seeded Container-based Sanitation-Urine Diverting Dehydrating Toilet (SCBS-UDDT) as an option for peri- urban settlements. In SCBS-UDDT model, the feces container was seeded with actively feeding black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) before being introduced for fecal sludge (FS) collection, allowing for FS conversion on-site. Samples were taken at three-day intervals for analysis of (i) growth performance, (ii) protein, fats and carbohydrates as nutritional components of the BSFL (Hermetiaillucens) during and after fecal sludge treatment and, (iii) E. coli inactivation efficiency. The results show that seeding influenced the volatile suspended solids while other parameters such as protein, carbohydrates, fats, larval yield, and E. coli colony count were not significantly affected. These results indicated the potential of utilizing BSFL by seeding in UDDT-CBS embracing the nutrient recovery and safe disposal of waste. These study findings are essential for formulation of policies on safe handling and disposal of fecal matter from onsite sanitation facilities, therefore contributing to sanitation solutions required worldwide.