Community-based water sanitation infrastructure (Indonesia)

The Citarum Harum Community-Based Sanitation Program (Sanimas) is a government- led initiative in collaboration with the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing and the Siliwangi Regional Military Command. It focuses on community-based wastewater management, involving active community participation in planning and operation. In Bandung, 32 Sanimas facilities were constructed between 2018 and 2022. An evaluation showed that Maleer Subdistrict’s Sanimas had better institutional and financial conditions compared to Pasanggrahan Subdistrict. Community participation was low in both areas, indicating the need for improvement. Sanimas optimization strategies depend on macro environmental conditions, with SWOT and AHP analyses recommending an aggressive approach to maximize strengths and opportunities.